There are many strange laws still in operation around the world. Most are no longer enforced, but technically you could be prosecuted if you break the following laws.

IN THE UNITED STATES

In Ohio it is illegal to get a fish drunk.

If you are in a plane over Alaska you can’t look at a Moose.

In Tennessee, it is illegal to drive if you are asleep.

In Alabama it is illegal to drive while blindfolded.

In New York, it is illegal to drive a car if you are blind.

In Missouri, a permit is required if a man wants to shave.

In Virginia, chickens must lay their eggs between 8am and 4pm.

In Indiana, it is illegal to dress Barbie in Ken’s clothes.

In Kentucky it is illegal to paint your lawn red. Any other colour is fine.

In Florida unmarried women can be jailed if they parachute on a Sunday.

In Miami, it is illegal to imitate an animal.

In Los Angeles, it is illegal to tell a customer you are really an actor.

In Kentucky, you must bath at least once a year.

In North Carolina it is illegal for dogs and cats to fight.

In Philadelphia you can’t put pretzels in bags.

Corruption is illegal in Virginia, except for politicians, who are allowed to be as corrupt as they like.

In Pennsylvania, it is illegal to put a dollar on a string and pull it away when someone tries to pick it up.

IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

It is illegal to die in the Houses of Parliament.

A pregnant woman can legally urinate anywhere she wants, including if she requests, in a policeman’s hat.

A bed may not be hung out of a window.

It is illegal to eat mince pies on 25th December.

Damaging grass is illegal.

In York it is legal to murder a Scotsman within its ancient city walls but only if he is carrying a bow and arrow.

In Liverpool, it is illegal for saleswomen to be topless, but only in tropical fish stores.

In London, taxis are required to carry a bale of hay and a sack of oats.

IN THE REST OF THE WORLD

In Australia, it is illegal to roam the streets wearing black clothes, felt shoes and black shoe polish on your face as these items are the tools of a cat burglar.

In Toronto in Canada, it is illegal to drive a street car on a Sunday if you have been eating garlic.

In France it is illegal to name a pig Napoleon

In Israel, it is illegal to pick your nose on a Sunday.

In Iceland, it is illegal to blow on lampposts.

In Hong Kong, a woman can kill her husband if he has cheated on her. She must use her bare hand though. This isn’t a requirement for the man’s lover, who can be killed by any means necessary.

In Samoa, it is illegal to forget your wife’s birthday.

In Space, it is illegal to hear someone deliberately.

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Renters in apartment dwellings can get irritated by other tenants who enjoy cigarettes. Another occupant’s smoke can creep into your residence through an open window or the air conditioning system. Unfortunately, until the rental lease agreement makes it a requirement for the landlord to stop such happenings, there is currently very little that is possible to do with regards to California law. Local laws may change soon, but that doesn’t assist those being put off by by smoke currently.

Even though a few cases have been submitted in California against landlords or other renters due to the sharing of secondhand smoke, the legal answers are still unknown. Results submitted by the California E.P.A. (Environmental Protection Agency) that connect someone else’s smoking to a variety of diseases, which include brain damage and pregnancy complications, may affect a law’s perspective of this situation, but that is yet to become clear. If you happen to be a renter thinking about legal action against a property owner or renter for subjecting you to his second hand smoke, due to the newness of the situation, you may need to consult a lawyer.

Renters Rights Against Their Property Management Company

Even though there is no law that prohibits smoking in private domiciles, all California property managers owe a diversity of responsibilities to their renters, to include: The implied warranty of habitability and the implied covenant of quiet peacefulness.

With regards to the implied warranty of habitability, a part of every single one of California rental lease agreements, a property owner makes certain that the grounds are and will remain livable. Livability is usually discovered by the owner’s obedience with specific code obligations, such as providing required heating and ventilation.

But, California judges have not determined that code obedience is the only deciding factor of whether a break has happened. That way, it is conceivable that, when under specific situations, the judge might rule that a renter’s openness to secondhand smoke breaches the warranty of livability.

The implied covenant of quiet peacefulness champions the renter’s use and peacefulness of the grounds for the reasons outlined by the rental lease agreement. The property owner can breach the implied covenant of quiet enjoyment by doing something or failing to do something, such as failing to cease other renters from creating too much noise. The inquiry the courts would ask is whether the other tenants smoking greatly affects the renters ability to enjoy of a specific part of the grounds. It is unknown how a California judge would rule on this situation.

In the rest of the U.S., a few judges have permitted lawsuits to stand when a occupant’s smoking is severe enough, or made the property owner to extend to the renter a lessening in rent due to the smoke. But, it is unknown whether a property owner would be responsible for the relocation costs of a renter who decided to discontinue a renal lease agreement because of secondhand smoke problems. Due to the fact that these outcomes were made by an out-of-state judges, the rulings are not applicable in California and it is unclear how California judges would rule on the same evidence.

Renters Rights Against Their Neighbors

In California, a renter now has little if any legal rights opposing another tenant for exposing them secondhand smoke. There is no legality that prohibits smoking in private domiciles, like the law that prohibits smoking at work. That way, the tenant who smokes has not violated the law by smoking in her apartment.

A occupant’s smoking might not reach the legal requirement for a “nuisance” as determined by the California judges. Even though California law outlines a nuisance as that which is dangerous to a person’s wel-being, . . . Or is not decent or irritating to the senses, . . . So as to meddle with the peaceful happiness of life or property,” judges also make it a requirement to that a plaintiff give proof that the action is both “substantial” and “unreasonable.”

Going by the present California case laws, a occupant’s smoking might not be viewed as either substantial or unreasonable, but it depends on the consistency, length of time and degree of exposure. A judge might see the secondhand smoke challenges as just the renter’s inability to live together in the same building.

Rights of Physically Challenged Occupants

Renters with specific physiological disabilities might have other legal answers at their disposal to stop drifting smoke from coming into their domiciles. Under state and local law, those with limitations are enabled with feasible quarters and/or changes of guidelines from their property managers to make sure that commensurate availability to and happiness of their living space.

To certify for these exceptions, the renter has to qualify for the legal explanation of “handicapped” or “disabled,” meaning that their circumstance “limits” (under California law) or greatly limits” (under federal law) a substantial life ability.”

Someone with a genuine lung situation may be considerably limited in her breathing. If a renter is “handicapped” or “disabled” according to the legal definition, and openness to secondhand smoke is stopping the renter from appreciating the property, the law makes it a requirement for a feasible living space. The property owner might be made to stop smoking in joint areas of the property, if that is the origination of the smoke, or let the tenant move to an alternate apartment, further from straying smoke. Rather, the renter might be able to discontinue his/her rental lease agreement without being penalized.

What Can a Property Owner Do to Halt Such Problems?

To not run into challenges caused by renter’s smoking, property managers in California might:

Start a smoke-free rule by not allowing new occupants from lighting up;

Establish non-smoking parts of properties; or

Not allow smoking in all joint areas, such as stairs or garages.

Conclusion

If a renter in a property is put off by occupant’s smoking, the legal answers are unclear. Property owners have certain responsibilities to renters (implied warranty of habitability and implied covenant of quiet enjoyment). These property owner-renter law guidelines may offer some reprieve for renters depending on the seriousness and length of the openness to secondhand smoke. Due to the fact that this is a recently discovered part of the law, it is unknown how a California judge would decide. If a renter is physically challenged she might have other legal cures under state and local anti-discrimination laws.

Rather, the apartment manager is allowed to stop smoking in an apartment. Or a local government might establish an law putting limits on smoking in joint areas or stating that property managers have the ability to create areas of the property smoke-free.

So, make positive you are clear as best you are able the parts of the building where smokers are hanging out before you agree to your rental lease agreement.

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Accident Fault is decided by the insurance company, not by the police officer that answered to the scene. Police officers police reports and statements are considered evidence, and they can “persuade” the insurance companies regarding fault.

If the police department does not determine fault, then who and how is this determined? Usually there are at least two parties or drivers involved in a car accident, and usually they have insurance. In this case, both insurance companies will handle the claim for their insureds. They would negotiation between each other and will settle for what they believe is it is fair.

Insurance companies must follow certain format to determine fault. They must look at the negligence of each driver and then attribute percentages of fault. The first step is a negligence analysis. Insurance adjusters must look at every driver’s duties, breaches, causation, and damages. All four elements must be met, and if one of them is missing, then that driver was not at fault. If all four exist, then the driver was at fault, but how much still needs to be decided.

To determine accident fault, insurance companies will look at the “driver duty”. Every person behind the wheel of a car assumes driver duties. It does not matter if you have a license or no, it does not matter if

you are an adult or a toddler. The law will place affirmative duties in every driver for purposes of accident fault. But exactly what duties are attributed to every driver? Usually they are “lookout, avoidance, and following the rules of the road”.

Look out is simply paying attention. Every driver must be attentive to what is going around him/her. So when the adjuster asks you “did you see them coming” your answer better be “yes”. If you do not see another vehicle and you had the visibility to do see them, then you will have probably

breach this duty.

Avoidance is exactly that. You must attempt to avoid the accident. The fact that another car is at fault, or has done something illegal does not give the driver license to hit them. For example, if a vehicle pulls

out of a stop sign, the driver approaching must try to avoid the accident. No evasive accident could be strong evidence of negligence against the vehicle that had the right of way.

Following the rules of the road is the obvious one for accident fault. You must be in full compliance with all the traffic laws that apply to the accident. The traffic laws are codified in all states in the state annotated code or the administrative code (the name changes per state). If you are speeding, you can be found some percentage at fault for the damages.

The next step in determining accident fault is breach. This means that the duties outlined about must have been “broken”. If you did not breach any duty, you cannot possibly be found at fault.

But the accident fault analysis does not stop there. The insurance adjuster must then show causation. Most insurance companies go over this step very fast. It is a very important element because it could causation

will amount as a defense to negligence. Causation is the relationship between the duty breached and the ultimate damages.

For example, let us assume that Driver is legally parked in a parking lot. Let us further assume that Driver is legally drunk in the driver’s seat and that the engine is running while someone pulls out of a parking stall and hits Driver’s car. Is Driver negligent? The answer for purposes accident fault is NO. The fact that Driver was drunk did not cause the accident. There was not casual connection between the fact that Driver

was dunk and that a vehicle came and hit his/her car while waiting. For more information about causation visit http://www.auto-insurance-claim-advice.com/Causation.html

The last step is damages. Damages must exist either as property damage or as a bodily injury. The important thing to remember is that all damages must be related to the duty breach. In other words, if you have back pain and a headache, the analysis explained above will be applied twice (one

time for the back pain and one time for the headache).

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I really don’t intend to scare or alarm anyone, but this is an important subject. Sometimes, because of a potential threat, we must just get over being scared or rather, make good use of fear. Fear is a good thing if it causes one to be more observant, more diligent, and more careful about our surroundings. So please, if you reside near any of these areas, just be careful! Below is a list of areas where there’s an active hunt for serial killers and/or unsolved cases of suspected serial killer involvement.

1) The area between Houston, Texas and Galveston, Texas. More specifically, any where near I-45. It’s suspected that at least two serial killers could be operating along this area. To date, it’s believed that at least 24 women, that’s right, 24 women have been killed!

2) Denver, Colorado, near the general area of Coors Field. It’s been said that at least 4 people have been killed in this general area and the cases are unsolved. Is it the act of one person or different killers? Either way, be careful!

3) Two cities in Massachusetts, the cities of Hudson and Marlborough. These cities are located close to one another. They have experienced the deaths of a couple of people that seem suspicious.

4) The area around Daytona Beach, Florida. At least three or four females have died at the hands of a killer. Many in law enforcement believed this killer may reside in the city or nearby areas. He seems to kill on an average of every 20 days. Personally, I believe they need to keep their options and investigations open on this one. It could also be a salesman or businessman that travels to the area every 20 days or so.

Please be advised that serial killers have been known to be transient. Some might kill their victims in areas near their homes, others may not. The problem is generally though with the ones who are transient. They might pass through Florida on a Monday, kill a victim, then be in California by Thursday! Another issue is their DNA’s. The killers must have been arrested at least once for their DNA to be entered into police data banks.If entered, the police can then match it with a suspect or suspects.

In addition, I must say this. It’s an obvious, logical assumption. If you live in Los Angeles, Seattle, Dallas, New York City, Miami, Detroit, Chicago, Washington D.C., Phoenix, or Las Vegas, you must assume that there is a good probability that a serial killer is operating in your mist.

Be careful and watch your backs!

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There are two types of legally recognized way of committing sexual harassment: (1) Quid pro quo sexual harassment; and (2) Hostile environment harassment.

I. Quid Pro Quo Sexual Harassment

Quid pro quo sexual harassment occurs when an employee is offered to be retained in his/her job or be promoted in exchange for sexual favors. In case of a student, the offer is to help receive a good grade or a favorable recommendation in exchange for sexual favors. The person who commits quid pro quo sexual harassment is a person with power to influence the victim’s employment or educational situation like a supervisor, manager or a teacher in case of a student. An example would be if a manager suggests that an employee goes out with him on a date or asks for a neck or back rub every so often in exchange for retaining her post or be promoted.

In this type of sexual harassment, it is not important if the victim gave in or agrees to the offer. It is enough that the harasser floats or makes the offer and the victim is not barred from filing a claim if he or she later on changes his or her mind.

II. Hostile Environment Sexual Harassment

Hostile work environment sexual harassment, on the other hand, occurs when a co-worker, manager or supervisor in the work place makes unwelcome sexual advances which interferes with work performance or creates an intimidating, hostile or offensive work environment, or learning environment in the case of students. The sexual harassing conduct could be verbal, non-verbal, visual or physical. Example of a verbal harassing conduct is when one makes a sexual comment about a person’s clothing, anatomy or looks. In cases of non-verbal sexually harassing conduct an example would be leering, staring or glaring at someone. Visual sexually harassing conduct on the other hand could be displaying sexually suggestive calendars, photographs, posters or cartoons in the workplace. Physically harassing conduct is when someone gives a massage around the neck or shoulders and the victim did not ask for it and regards it as offensive.

In this type of sexual harassment, even the employer is liable if he has knowledge or should have knowledge of the sexual harassment perpetrated on one of the employees and the employer either does nothing about it or even faulted the victim for the happening of the sexually harassing conduct.

In both cases, it would be to the best interest of the victim to secure the services of a lawyer immediately to protect the victim’s legal rights.

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Offenders charged with driving under the influence (DUI) are charged with a criminal offence. In the state of California it is illegal to drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs. A person is considered to be driving in an intoxicated state if the blood alcohol content (BAC) is 0.08% or more. DUI attorneys have an expert knowledge of DUI laws. These attorneys are qualified and highly experienced in handling DUI cases. They have in-depth knowledge of all the particulars and nuances involved with DUI offenses. It is required that a California attorney specializing in DUI cases must be have adequate knowledge about blood analysis, breath tests, and urine tests, in order to be able to defend his clients adequately in such cases. They may also have subordinates who work directly with them on such cases. Due to the stringent nature of penalties, DUI defense is a specialized area of criminal defense as such hiring a DUI attorney in California has become a relatively easy process.

Before hiring a DUI attorney a person is advised to consider the following questions. Does the attorney focus on DUI cases exclusively?

Does the estimate fee include department of motor vehicles (DMV) hearing, expert fees, blood reanalysis, and the trial? Is the attorney licensed by the American Bar Association through the National College for DUI Defense? Apart from this a person is also advised to insist on a written contract setting forth all costs and covered services.

DUI is a criminal offense. As such keeping in mind the stringent laws and penalties associated with DUI it is generally advised that people should not consider representing themselves in court. Appointing an attorney who is an expert in the same is always considered to be the safer option.

The yellow pages or online websites are a good source of finding an experienced lawyer specializing in DUI. Residents of the State of California who need to contact a DUI attorney with regards to a case of drunken driving can now do so with comparative ease. It is advisable to always be honest with lawyers so they can best protect your interests.

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Want to trick a breath machine into a low test result? Or make sure that you’re not causing a false high reading? Not that difficult, says a law firm of San Diego DUI attorneys and lawyers: just control your breathing.

The simple fact is that these breath machines which determine guilt or innocence in DUI cases are not exactly the reliable devices that law enforcement would have us believe. There are dozens of factors that can cause false test results. An example of that unreliability is the fact that the results will vary depending upon the breathing pattern of the person being tested. This has been confirmed in a number of scientific studies.

In one, for example, a group of men drank moderate doses of alcohol and their blood-alcohol levels were then measured by gas chromatographic analysis of their breath. The breathing techniques were then varied. The results indicated that holding your breath for 30 seconds before exhaling increased the blood-alcohol level by 15.7%. Hyperventilating for 20 seconds immediately before the analyses of breath, on the other hand, decreased the level by 10.6%. Keeping the mouth closed for five minutes and using shallow nasal breathing resulted in increasing the blood-alcohol level by 7.3%, and testing after a slow, 20-second exhalation increased levels by 2%. (“How Breathing Techniques Can Influence the Results of Breath-Alcohol Analyses”, 22(4) Medical Science and the Law 275.)

Dr. Michael Hlastala, Professor of Physiology, Biophysics and Medicine at the University of Washington has gone farther and concluded:

“By far, the most overlooked error in breath testing for alcohol is the pattern of breathing… The concentration of alcohol changes considerably during the breath… The first part of the breath, after discarding the dead space, has an alcohol concentration much lower than the equivalent BAC (blood-alcohol concentration). Whereas, the last part of the breath has an alcohol concentration that is much higher than the equivalent BAC. The last part of the breath can be over 50% above the alcohol level… Thus, a breath tester reading of 0.14% taken from the last part of the breath may indicate that the blood level is only 0.09%.” 9(6) The Champion 16 (1985).

Many police officers know this. They also know that if the machine contradicts their judgement that the person they arrested is intoxicated, they won’t look good. So when they tell the arrestee to blow into the machine’s mouthpiece, they’ll yell at him, “Keep breathing! Breathe harder! Harder!” As Professor Hlastala has found, this ensures that the breath captured by the machine will be from the bottom of the lungs, near the alveolar sacs, which will be richest in alcohol. With the higher alcohol concentration, the machine will give a higher — but inaccurate — reading.

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Much of Orange County’s 798-sq mile (2,050-sq km) area is covered with sprawling urban communities linked by ever-busy freeways. Anaheim, home of Disneyland, is its second largest city, after Santa Ana.

The popular Knott’s Berry Farm theme park lies a few miles northwest at Buena Park, and together these cities form the tourist capital of the county. Most of the coastline is built-up, but its communities have more variety and character than those around the theme parks. Inland, open spaces can be found where the county’s eastern region encompasses part of the vast Cleveland National Forest and the Santa Ana Mountains.

Best Places to See in Orange County, California

Bowers Museum of Cultural Art
Catalina Island
Centennial Heritage Museum
Crystal Cathedral
Disneyland Resort
Knott’s Berry Farm and Soak City
Mission San Juan Capistrano
Richard Nixon Library and Birthplace

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Interstate-5 is a major north-south artery, which links Los Angeles and San Diego. New express toll lanes now operate in an effort to eliminate traffic jams. The more scenic Hwy 1, the Pacific Coastal Highway, unites the coastal resorts. Amtrakand Metrolink commuter trains run south from Los Angeles. Stops include San Juan Capistrano and Anaheim. Most bus routes are designed to meet the needs of local commuters, but shuttle vans and tour buses offer quick connections to the theme parks and to Los Angeles.

Ferries to Catalina Island run daily in summer, but travelers should check schedules in winter. Crossings from the mainland to Avalon or Two Harbors take 1-2 hours.

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While most individuals are less than keen on the idea of serving on jury duty, there are a limited number of viable excuses that actually allow them to get out of it. For that reason, it’s important for anyone who believes they might not be able to serve to review the list of viable excuses and make sure their excuse is listed. Otherwise, you may be required to present a specific case and reason for being excused to the court workers or even the judge.

Initially, if you do have a good reason to get out of jury duty, you can write to the court via the questionnaire and relate your reason for requesting an exemption. However, if you wait too long, you will be required to complete the call in process until you are selected to visit the courthouse, at which time you can present your reasons for being unable to serve in person.

The first reason an individual might try to get out of jury duty is if they are older than 70 years old. This is the simplest way to get out of jury duty as proof of age is all that’s required. Another common way is if you are responsible for the care of children or the elderly. Proving this is also relatively simple but might require further phone conversations. Regardless, if you have children and are called for jury duty, it is highly feasible that you can get out of it.

Additionally, members of the volunteer firefighter or ambulance crews are given leave to excuse themselves from jury duty. Already serving more than their fair civic duty, they are immediately excused.

If your role in a business is so vital that your absence could cause failure to the business, you are also exempt from jury duty. This often applies to those who own small businesses and cannot replace themselves in the workplace for as long as a trial might take. Other occupations that are exempt include attorneys, doctors, nurses and dentists. Each of these professions is a vital part of society and therefore excused from jury duty.

If you are physically incapable of reaching the courthouse, you are also exempt. Initially, this means that you do not have a car and cannot use the bus or other form of public transportation. However, it extends to include exemptions for disabilities as well.

Most excuses that require explanation must be made at the courthouse during the jury selection process. These include any excuses made on the behalf of family care or work responsibilities. You will need to report for the selection process and make your argument there.

Ultimately, it is unwise to openly ignore a jury duty summons. Because it is a demand from the court and not a request, it is your legal obligation to honor it or present an excuse that they accept for not honoring it. If you choose to ignore the summons, you could be subject to criminal prosecution.

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If you’ve been convicted of driving under the influence of alcohol or another controlled substance, it may be possible to obtain a pardon for DUI. The purpose of a pardon is to restore all rights and privileges that were lost as a result of a felony conviction, though it will not automatically restore any certificate or license that was lost as a result of the conviction. If your driver’s license was permanently revoked as a result of a DUI conviction, for example, you’ll have to reapply for a license upon receiving a pardon.

Application Process

The type of application you will need to use to obtain a pardon depends on the laws of your jurisdiction. Some factors that may affect your ability to obtain a pardon for DUI include whether the conviction was a misdemeanor or felony conviction, and whether you can provide evidence to the court of your rehabilitation. That is, you must show the court that you are not likely to commit the offense again. This can be far more difficult if you’ve had multiple DUI convictions.

Felony Cases

In general, a pardon is reserved for felony cases. If your DUI conviction resulted in serious damage to life or property, seeking an executive pardon directly from the governor of the state where you served your sentence may be necessary. There are two routes for obtaining a pardon for DUI. These are a Certificate of Rehabilitation, or a direct pardon application.

Evidence of Rehabilitation

In most jurisdictions, people with felony convictions who have shown evidence of significant rehabilitation can go before the court to request this certificate. If the trial court (usually a state superior court) issues the certificate, it will recommend that the governor pardon the offense. Ultimately, the decision rests with the governor.

Expungement of DUI Convictions

Before seeking to obtain a pardon for DUI, you may want to explore the possibility of expungement, which not only restores rights and privileges but actually removes a DUI conviction from your public criminal record. This is important for future employability and a variety of other reasons. Expunging a criminal record means erases the criminal conviction, as though it never happened.

Effects of Expungement

Depending on the laws of a particular jurisdiction, obtaining a pardon can also be the first step toward expunging a criminal record. However, for jurisdictions with liberal expungement laws, it may be best to explore this option first. After a criminal record is expunged, it can only be used in certain limited circumstances, such as applying for certain kinds of public or government offices or jobs, or to determine sentencing guidelines for future offenses.

Requirements for Expungement

Requirements for expunging a DUI conviction also vary from one jurisdiction to the next, but in general, you must meet certain conditions. First, a certain amount of time must have passed from the conviction; most often this is a 5-year time period. Second, many jurisdictions will only consider expunging a criminal record with only a single conviction. This may vary, and may also depend on whether the crimes were prosecuted as juvenile or adult offenses. Finally, felonies punishable by life imprisonment cannot be expunged from a criminal record.

Why Pursue a Pardon for DUI?

Even if it’s been a long time since your DUI conviction, and even if it seems completely irrelevant to a particular job or other type of application, employers, landlords, finance companies, and others might still be unwilling to hire you, rent to you, or do business with you based on an old DUI conviction. If a few years have passed and you know that you will not re-offend, it is worthwhile to consider obtaining a pardon for DUI or expungement of your criminal record.

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